A database comprised of 40 breast cancer cell lines can help researchers fast-track the development of new gene-targeted therapies for breast cancer, according to an article posted in npj Breast Cancer.
Researchers described the implementation of a new resource for cancer researchers. The SUM Breast Cancer Cell Line Knowledge Base, or SLKBase, will push the field forward by providing easily navigable genomic, proteomic, and other “omic” information on a total of 40 SUM and other patient-derived cell lines. The database could eventually contribute to the identification, development, and implementation of truly personalized gene-targeted therapies for patients with breast cancer.
“Cell lines are the front line for breast cancer research because they are derived from real patients and exhibit the characteristics of the disease that that patient experienced,” remarked Stephen P. Ethier, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at MUSC and an MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researcher in a press release. Several hundred genes might have developed errors in a cancer cell, according to Ethier. “Most of the genes that are changed, however, are playing no role whatsoever in the biology of the disease,” he explained.
“So the way to get from 500 gene changes to two or three that are playing an essential role in the biology of the disease is to do what are called genome-scale knock-out or knock-down experiments,” Ethier explained. The SLKBase website is open to anyone who wants to know more about breast cancer cell lines or access the immense genomic and proteomic research knowledge base.
However, the researchers noted breast cancer is just the beginning. Because there are over 500 cancer cell lines derived from patients with virtually every type of cancer, Dr. Ethier hopes eventually to include them all in SLKBase. For Dr. Ethier, the gene changes driving cancer matter more than the tissue in which they occur. Cancers are a disease of the genome, no matter in which part of the body they occur. Therefore, any cancer would be expected to respond to therapy targeted to its genomic signature.
“At some point, we have to stop worrying about whether it’s breast cancer, lung cancer or colon cancer,” said Ethier. “We should be putting more emphasis on the genomic features of that cancer because cancer is a disease of the genome.”
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August 21, 2020 at 10:36PM
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